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  • Professor Marco Affronte

    University of Modena, Italy

    Marco suggested to us to use Cr7Ni rings in quantum information processing, thus inspiring one of our most active areas of research. His group has carried out heat capacity and torque magnetometry measurements. At the moment our major collaboration involves attaching molecular magnets to surfaces. Our joint paper in ACS Nano is the first to report an ordered monolayer of polymetallic cage complexes on a surface.

    Recent joint papers
    1. V. Corradini, A. Ghirri, E. Garlatti, R. Biagi, V. De Renzi, U. del Pennino, V. Bellini, S. Carretta, P. Santini, G. Timco, R. E. P. Winpenny and M. Affronte, "Magnetic anisotropy of Cr7Ni spin clusters on surfaces," Adv. Funct. Mater., 2012, 22, 3706-3713.
    2. A. Ghirri, V. Corradini, V. Bellini, R. Biagi, U. del Pennino, V. De Renzi, J. Cezar, C. Muryn, G. A. Timco, R. E. P. Winpenny and M. Affronte, "Self-assembled monolayer of Cr7Ni molecular nanomagnets by sublimation," ACS Nano, 2011, 5, 7090-7099.
    3. T. B. Faust, V. Bellini, A. Candini, S. Carretta, G. Lorusso, D. R. Allan, L. Carthy, D. Collison, R. J. Docherty, J. Kenyon, J. Machin, E. J. L. McInnes, C. A. Muryn, H. Nowell, R. G. Pritchard, S. J. Teat, G. A. Timco, F. Tuna, G. F. S. Whitehead, W. Wernsdorfer, M. Affronte and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Chemical control of spin propagation between heterometallic rings," Chem. Eur. J., 2011, 17, 14020-14030.

  • Dr Wolfgang Wernsdorfer

    LLN Grenoble

    Wolfgang is the world-leader in low temperature characterisation of magnetic and transport properties of molecular magnets. His recent measurements on molecular magnets using carbon nanotubes are extraordinary. He has regularly measured low temperature single crystal magnetism on single-molecule magnets supplied by Manchester.

    Recent joint papers
    1. T. B. Faust, F. Tuna, G. A. Timco, M. Affronte, V. Bellini, W. Wernsdorfer and R. E. P. Winpenny "Controlling magnetic communication through aromatic bridges by variation in torsion angle," Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 13626-13631.
    2. T. B. Faust, V. Bellini, A. Candini, S. Carretta, G. Lorusso, D. R. Allan, L. Carthy, D. Collison, R. J. Docherty, J. Kenyon, J. Machin, E. J. L. McInnes, C. A. Muryn, H. Nowell, R. G. Pritchard, S. J. Teat, G. A. Timco, F. Tuna, G. F. S. Whitehead, W. Wernsdorfer, M. Affronte and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Chemical control of spin propagation between heterometallic rings," Chem. Eur. J., 2011, 17, 14020-14030.

  • Dr Jacob Overgaard

    Aarhus University

    Jacob uses his expertise in the study of spin density to help us look more closely at exchange interactions. He is currently a senior scientist in Aarhus University, Denmark.

    Recent joint papers
    1. J. Overgaard, J. P. S. Walsh, V. Hathwar, M. Jørgensen, C. Hoffman, J. Platts, R. Piltz and R. E. P. Winpenny. Inorg. Chem., 2014, 53(21), 11531–11539.
    2. S. Scheins, J. Overgaard, G. A. Timco, A. Stash, Y.-S. Chen, F. K. Larsen, M. Christensen, M. R. V. Jørgensen, S. R. Madsen, M. S. Schmøkel and B. B. Iversen, Chem. Eur. J., 2013, 19, 195-205.

  • Professor Hiroyuki Nojiri

    IMR, Tohoku University, Japan

    Prof Nojiri has developed remarkable experiments based on high-pulsed magnetic fields. This includes very high field EPR spectroscopy and high field magnetization. The experimental skills in his group are remarkable, and even more remarkable is his generosity as a scientist: he has been incredibly supportive of attempts to build high field EPR spectrometers within the PSI in Manchester, even loaning us one of his 30 Tesla pulsed field magnet.

    Recent joint papers
    1. E. I. Tolis, L. P. Engelhardt, P. V. Mason, G. Rajaraman, K. Kindo, M. Luban, A. Matsuo, H. Nojiri, J. Raftery, C. Schröder, G. A. Timco, F. Tuna, W. Wernsdorfer and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Studies of an Fe9 tridiminished icosahedron," Chem. Eur. J., 2006, 12, 8961-8968.

  • Prof Lee Cronin

    University of Glasgow

    We collaborate with the exceptionally energetic Prof Cronin in a number of areas. Lee's group provides samples for measurements in the EPR Facility. We use Lee's expertise in electrospray and cryospray mass spectrometry to study reaction processes involving cage formation.

    Recent joint papers
    1. M. L. Baker, G. A. Timco, S. Piligkos, J. Mathieson, H. Mutka, F. Tuna, P. Kozłowski, M. Antkowiak, T. Guidi, T. Gupta, H. Rath, R. J. Woolfson, G. Kamieniarz, R. G. Pritchard, H. Weihe, L. Cronin, G. Rajaraman, D. Collison, E. J. L. McInnes and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Spin frustration in molecular magnets, a classification based on physical studies of large odd-numbered-metal, odd-electron rings," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2012, DOI:10.1073/pnas.1213127109.
    2. H. N. Miras, M. Sorus, J. Hawkett, D. O. Sells, E. J. L. McInnes, L. Cronin, "Oscillatory template exchange in polyoxometalate capsules: A ligand-triggered, redox-powered, chemically damped oscillation," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134, 6980-6983.

  • Dr Anne-Laure Barra

    LLN Grenoble

    We collaborate with Anne-Laure on performing high frequency high field EPR spectroscopy. Anne-Laure, with the Florentine group, pioneered the use of HF-HF EPR in the area of molecular magnetism, publishing many of the key papers in the field.

    Recent joint papers
    1. A. B. Boeer, A.-L. Barra, L. F. Chibotaru, D. Collison, E. J. L. McInnes, R. A. Mole, G. G. Simeoni, G. A. Timco, L. Ungur, T. Unruh and R. E. P. Winpenny, "A spectroscopic investigation of magnetic exchange between highly anisotropic spin centres," Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2011, 50, 4007-4011.

  • Dr Tatiana Guidi

    ISIS Laboratories

    Tatiana is our major collaborator for inelastic neutron scattering, working with us on INS of heterometallic rings for several years (and while instrument scientist at several facilities). She is now at ISIS, working within the Excitations Group.

    Recent joint papers
    1. M. L. Baker, G. A. Timco, S. Piligkos, J. Mathieson, H. Mutka, F. Tuna, P. Kozłowski, M. Antkowiak, T. Guidi, T. Gupta, H. Rath, R. J. Woolfson, G. Kamieniarz, R. G. Pritchard, H. Weihe, L. Cronin, G. Rajaraman, D. Collison, E. J. L. McInnes and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Spin frustration in molecular magnets, a classification based on physical studies of large odd-numbered-metal, odd-electron rings," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2012, DOI:10.1073/pnas.1213127109.
    2. M. L. Baker, T. Guidi, S. Carretta, H. Mutka, G. Timco, E. J. L. McInnes, G. Amoretti, R. E. P. Winpenny and P. Santini, "Spin dynamics of molecular nanomagnets unravelled at atomic scale by four-dimensional inelastic neutron scattering," Nat. Phys., 2012, DOI: 10.1038/nphys2431.

  • Professor Jürgen Schnack

    University of Bielefeld

    Jürgen is a theoretical physicist who has developed excellent methods for modeling magnetic properties. This includes are remarkable computational resource that allows him to model magnetic behavior in large highly anisotropic magnetic molecules - probably the only group in the world that will take on such large molecules. He has also made a major contribution to ideas on spin frustration, and he hosts one of the best websites in the field: www.molmag.de.

    Recent joint papers
    1. I. S. Tidmarsh, L. J. Batchelor, E. Scales, R. H. Laye, L. Sorace, A. Caneschi, J. Schnack and E. J. L. McInnes, "Tri-, tetra- and octa-metallic vanadium(III) clusters from new, simple starting materials: interplay of exchange and anisotropy effects," Dalton Trans., 2009, 9402-9409.

  • Dr Larry Engelhardt

    Francis Marion University, USA

    Larry became a collaborator during his PhD with Marsall Luban. The collaboration has continued because of Larry's remarkable ability at using quantum Monte Carlo simulations to model magnetic data. Despite being an American physicist, he was prepared to spend a month in Manchester working in a chemistry department.

    Recent joint papers
    1. C. Martin, L. P. Engelhardt, M. L. Baker, G. A. Timco, R. E. P. Winpenny, M. Luban and R. Prozorov, "Radio-frequency spectroscopy of the low-energy spectrum of the magnetic molecule Cr12Cu2," Phys. Rev. B., 2009, 80, 100407/1-100407/4.
    2. L. Engelhardt, C. Martin, R. Prozorov, M. Luban, G. A. Timco and R. E. P. Winpenny, "High-field magnetic properties of the magnetic molecule {Cr10Cu2}," Phys. Rev. B, 2009, 79, 014404/1-014404/8.

  • Prof Euan Brechin

    University of Edinburgh

    Euan has become the world-leader in the synthesis of 3d-single molecule magnets. Between his post-doctoral work with Prof George Christou and the work of his own group, he has probably made more Mn-containing SMMs than anyone else. His work on Mn6 cages finally broke the record energy barrier for magnetic relaxation in 3d-metal cages. We collaborate on a joint project related to magnetic cooling and occasionally measure EPR spectra for the Brechin group.

    Recent joint papers
    1. R. T. W. Scott, L. F. Jones, I. S. Tidmarsh, B. Breeze, R. H. Laye, J. Wolowska, D. J. Stone, A. Collins, S. Parsons, W. Wernsdorfer, G. Aromi, E. J. L. McInnes and E. K. Brechin, Chem. Eur. J., 2009, 15, 12389-12398.

  • Prof Joris van Slageren

    University of Stuttgart

    We have collaborated with Joris since he was a post-doctoral fellow in Dante Gatteschi's laboratory in the late 1990s. He is presently a Professor in Stuttgart, working on new ways of performing EPR experiments. Many of the most interesting papers on Frequency Domain Magnetic Resonance have been published by Joris, and we currently have one of his former group members, Fabrizio Moro, working in the team in Manchester.

    Recent joint papers
    1. C. Schlegel, J. van Slageren, G. Timco, R. E. P. Winpenny and M. Dressel, "Origin of superhyperfine interactions in the antiferromagnetic ring Cr7Ni," Phys. Rev. B., 2011, 83, 134407.
    2. L.J. Batchelor, M. Sander, F. Tuna, M. Helliwell, F. Moro, J. van Slageren, E. Burzurí, O. Montero, M. Evangelisti, F. Luis and E.J.L. McInnes, "Chromium(III) stars and butterflies: synthesis, structural and magnetic studies of tetra-metallic clusters," Dalton Trans., 2011, 40, 5278-5284.

  • Dr Simon Teat

    ALS Berkeley

    Simon has been an invaluable collaborator for many years, providing outstanding work in collecting X-ray data on synchrotron, firstly at Daresbury Laboratories and now in Berkeley. Almost uniquely among crystallographers, Simon likes solving structures where we have no idea what the structure will be.

    Recent joint papers
    1. S. K. Langley, M. Helliwell, S. J. Teat and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Synthesis and characterisation of Co(II) phosphonate cage complexes utilizing carboxylates and pyridonates as co-ligands," Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 12807-12817.
    2. T. B. Faust, V. Bellini, A. Candini, S. Carretta, G. Lorusso, D. R. Allan, L. Carthy, D. Collison, R. J. Docherty, J. Kenyon, J. Machin, E. J. L. McInnes, C. A. Muryn, H. Nowell, R. G. Pritchard, S. J. Teat, G. A. Timco, F. Tuna, G. F. S. Whitehead, W. Wernsdorfer, M. Affronte and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Chemical control of spin propagation between heterometallic rings," Chem. Eur. J., 2011, 17, 14020-14030.
    3. B. Ballesteros, T. B. Faust, C.-F. Lee, D. A. Leigh, C. A. Muryn, R. G. Pritchard, D. Schultz, S. J. Teat, G. A. Timco and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Synthesis, structure and dynamic properties of hybrid organic-inorganic rotaxanes," J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 15435-15444.
    4. C.- F. Lee, D. A. Leigh, R. G. Pritchard, D. Schultz, S. J. Teat, G. A. Timco and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Hybrid organic-inorganic rotaxanes and molecular shuttles," Nature, 2009, 458, 314-318.

  • Prof Liviu Chibotaru

    University of Leuven

    Liviu has developed high level ab initio methods for understanding the magnetic behaviour of molecular magnets containing highly anisotropic ions such as 4f-ions and Co(II). We have been collaborating with Liviu to understand some of the very high energy barriers we see in dysprosium single molecule magnets, and to model the magnetic properties of exchange-coupled Co(II) dimers.

    Recent joint papers
    1. F. Tuna, C. A. Smith, M. Bodensteiner, L. Ungur, L. F. Chibotaru, E. J. L. McInnes, R. E. P. Winpenny, D. Collison and R. A. Layfield, "A high anisotropy barrier in a sulfur-bridged organodysprosium single-molecule magnet," Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2012, 51, 6976-6980.
    2. A. B. Boeer, A.-L. Barra, L. F. Chibotaru, D. Collison, E. J. L. McInnes, R. A. Mole, G. G. Simeoni, G. A. Timco, L. Ungur, T. Unruh and R. E. P. Winpenny, "A spectroscopic investigation of magnetic exchange between highly anisotropic spin centres," Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2011, 50, 4007-4011.

  • Prof Stephen Hill

    NHMFL

    Steve's group has been producing extraordinary results on very high field EPR spectroscopy. Steve was also the chair of the organizing committee for the International Conference on Molecule-Based Magnets in 2012. We have begun a recent collaboration on studying exchange-coupled Co(II) compounds at very high field and also under pressure.

  • Dr Stergios Piligkos

    University of Copenhagen

    Stergios obtained his PhD from Manchester and has since spent his time finding ever more elegant ways for modeling magnetic and spectroscopic data. He developed the use of sparse matrix techniques for modeling EPR spectroscopy and has since applied the same techniques to model INS and magnetic data. He also has one of the worst websites you'll ever see (outside France).

    Recent joint papers
    1. M. L. Baker, G. A. Timco, S. Piligkos, J. Mathieson, H. Mutka, F. Tuna, P. Kozłowski, M. Antkowiak, T. Guidi, T. Gupta, H. Rath, R. J. Woolfson, G. Kamieniarz, R. G. Pritchard, H. Weihe, L. Cronin, G. Rajaraman, D. Collison, E. J. L. McInnes and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Spin frustration in molecular magnets, a classification based on physical studies of large odd-numbered-metal, odd-electron rings," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2012, DOI:10.1073/pnas.1213127109.
    2. M. L. Baker, O. Waldmann, S. Piligkos, R. Bircher, O. Cador, S. Carretta, D. Collison, F. Fernandez-Alonso, E. J. L. McInnes, H. Mutka, A. Podlesnyak, F. Tuna, S. Ochsenbein, R. Sessoli, A. Sieber, G. A. Timco, H. Weihe, H. U. Gudel and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Inelastic neutron scattering studies on the odd-membered antiferromagnetic wheel Cr8Ni," Phys. Rev. B., 2012, 86, 064405.
    3. M. L. Baker, S. Piligkos, A. Bianchi, S. Carretta, D. Collison, J. J. W. McDouall, E. J. L. McInnes, H. Mutka, G. A. Timco, F. Tuna, P. Vadivelu, H. Weihe, H. U. Güdel and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Modification of the magnetic properties of a heterometallic wheel by inclusion of a Jahn-Teller distorted Cu(II) ion," Dalton Trans., 2011, 40, 8533-8539.

  • Dr Gopalan Rajaraman

    IIT Bombay

    Rajaraman is a crazed enthusiast who did his PhD in Manchester, and who has then taken his energy and imagination to various other laboratories, including Florence. His expertise is in electronic structure calculations, especially DFT. More recently he is moving into other high level ab initio methods. Perhaps the hardest worker in the group ever—a very tough competition. He also managed to obtain HPC time on every cluster in Europe during his PhD, which is a unique achievement.

    Recent joint papers
    1. M. L. Baker, G. A. Timco, S. Piligkos, J. Mathieson, H. Mutka, F. Tuna, P. Kozłowski, M. Antkowiak, T. Guidi, T. Gupta, H. Rath, R. J. Woolfson, G. Kamieniarz, R. G. Pritchard, H. Weihe, L. Cronin, G. Rajaraman, D. Collison, E. J. L. McInnes and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Spin frustration in molecular magnets, a classification based on physical studies of large odd-numbered-metal, odd-electron rings," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2012, DOI:10.1073/pnas.1213127109.

  • Dr Richard Mole

    ANSTO

    Richard had the misfortune of studying for his PhD with Dr Paul Wood at the University of Cambridge—from whom he appears to have learnt both his hairstyle and fashion sense. This experience has led to an interest in neutron spectroscopy, which he is now pursing in Australia. We are collaborating with Richard on projects involving neutron scattering on Co(II) complexes.

    Recent joint papers
    1. A. B. Boeer, A.-L. Barra, L. F. Chibotaru, D. Collison, E. J. L. McInnes, R. A. Mole, G. G. Simeoni, G. A. Timco, L. Ungur, T. Unruh and R. E. P. Winpenny, "A spectroscopic investigation of magnetic exchange between highly anisotropic spin centres," Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2011, 50, 4007-4011.

  • Professors Roberta Sessoli, Dante Gatteschi, Andrea Caneschi and Andrea Dei

    INSTM Florence

    The Florentine group was responsible for the renaissance in molecular magnetism, with their report in 1991 of slow relaxation of magnetization in molecular species. They have been generous enough to host and train many PhD students from Manchester in the past. They also carried out most of our magnetic measurements before we obtained a SQUID in Manchester. They still inspire much of the research in molecular magnetism worldwide, and Andrea Caneschi remains an excellent source of imaginative Italian curses.

    Recent joint papers
    1. M. L. Baker, O. Waldmann, S. Piligkos, R. Bircher, O. Cador, S. Carretta, D. Collison, F. Fernandez-Alonso, E. J. L. McInnes, H. Mutka, A. Podlesnyak, F. Tuna, S. Ochsenbein, R. Sessoli, A. Sieber, G. A. Timco, H. Weihe, H. U. Gudel and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Inelastic neutron scattering studies on the odd-membered antiferromagnetic wheel Cr8Ni," Phys. Rev. B., 2012, 86, 064405.
    2. E. Scales, L. Sorace, A. Dei, A. Caneschi, C. A. Muryn, D. Collison and E. J. L. McInnes, "Low-valent vanadium catecholate clusters," Chem. Sci., 2010, 1, 221-225.

  • Dr Marco Evangelisti and Prof Fernando Luis

    University of Zaragoza

    We collaborate with Marco and Fernando on measuring the magnetic cooling that can be achieved using molecular magnets. Hopefully one day we will even publish some of the beautiful data they have obtained showing the direct measurements.

    Recent joint papers
    1. Y. Zheng, M. Evangelisti, F. Tuna and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Co-Ln mixed-metal phosphonate grids and cages as molecular magnetic refrigerants," J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134, 1057-1065.
    2. L.J. Batchelor, M. Sander, F. Tuna, M. Helliwell, F. Moro, J. van Slageren, E. Burzurí, O. Montero, M. Evangelisti, F. Luis and E.J.L. McInnes, "Chromium(III) stars and butterflies: synthesis, structural and magnetic studies of tetra-metallic clusters," Dalton Trans., 2011, 40, 5278-5284.
    3. Y.-Z. Zheng, M. Evangelisti and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Large magnetocaloric effect in a Wells-Dawson type {Ni6Gd6P6} cage," Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2011, 50, 3692-3695.

  • Dr Arzhang Ardavan and Prof Stephen Blundell

    University of Oxford

    We collaborate with the group in Oxford in two distinct areas. Firstly, we use their expertise in quantum information processing (QIP) to design experiments using pulsed EPR spectroscopy. This led to the first demonstration that molecular magnets had long enough phase memory times to be used in QIP. We have recently shown we can engineer the phase memory times through chemistry. Secondly we collaborate in using muon spin rotation spectroscopy to study molecular magnets. We've recently shown we can use muons to observe level-crossings in anti-ferromagnetically coupled rings.

    Recent joint papers
    1. C. J. Wedge, R. E. George, G. A. Timco, F. Tuna, S. Rigby, E. J. L. McInnes, R. E. P. Winpenny, S. J. Blundell and A. Ardavan, "Chemical engineering of molecular qubits," Phys. Rev. Lett., 2012, 108, 107204.
    2. T. Lancaster, J. S. Möller, S. J. Blundell, F. L. Pratt, P. J. Baker, T. Guidi, G. A. Timco and R E P Winpenny, "Observation of a level-crossing in a molecular nanomagnet using implanted muons," J. Phys.-Condens. Mat., 2011, 23, 242201.

  • Professors Giuseppe Amoretti, Stefano Carretta and Paolo Santini

    University of Parma

    Giuseppe, Stefano and Paolo have suggested and inspired a great deal of recent collaborative work. Their suggestions of new phonon trapping mechanisms in Ni10 supertetrahedra was an early joint collaboration. More recently we have focused on their ideas in QIP, attempting to make chemical structures that match their algorithms for spin manipulations. They are also superb at interpreting - and predicting - physical experiments such as spin fluctuations at avoided crossings and 4D-INS experiments.

    Recent joint papers
    1. M. L. Baker, T. Guidi, S. Carretta, H. Mutka, G. Timco, E. J. L. McInnes, G. Amoretti, R. E. P. Winpenny and P. Santini, "Spin dynamics of molecular nanomagnets unravelled at atomic scale by four-dimensional inelastic neutron scattering," Nat. Phys., 2012, DOI:10.1038/nphys2431.
    2. V. Corradini, A. Ghirri, E. Garlatti, R. Biagi, V. De Renzi, U. del Pennino, V. Bellini, S. Carretta, P. Santini, G. Timco, R. E. P. Winpenny and M. Affronte, "Magnetic anisotropy of Cr7Ni spin clusters on surfaces," Adv. Funct. Mater., 2012, 22, 3706-3713.
    3. M. L. Baker, O. Waldmann, S. Piligkos, R. Bircher, O. Cador, S. Carretta, D. Collison, F. Fernandez-Alonso, E. J. L. McInnes, H. Mutka, A. Podlesnyak, F. Tuna, S. Ochsenbein, R. Sessoli, A. Sieber, G. A. Timco, H. Weihe, H. U. Gudel and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Inelastic neutron scattering studies on the odd-membered antiferromagnetic wheel Cr8Ni," Phys. Rev. B., 2012, 86, 064405.

  • Professors Marshall Luban, Ruslan Prozorov and Yuji Furukawa

    Ames Laboratory

    Our collaboration with Ames Laboratory started through discussions with Marshall Luban about using theory developed in his group to model magnetic behavior. We have continued this collaboration, both with Marshall and his former PhD student Larry Engelhardt (see above), particularly using quantum Monte Carlo methods to fit data on large systems. Later we began collaborating with Ruslan, using a fascinating technique called transmission diode oscillators to measure magnetic behavior at very low temperature. This technique had not been applied previously to molecular magnets, and it seems to provide information on excited state crossings that cannot be obtained by other means. Our collaboration with Yuji uses his expertise in solid state NMR spectroscopy.

    Recent joint papers
    1. C. M. Casadei, L. Bordonali, Y. Furukawa, F. Borsa, E. Garlatti, A. Lascialfari, S. Carretta, S. Sanna, G. Timco and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Local spin density in Cr7Ni antiferromagnetic molecular ring from 53Cr-NMR," J. Phys. Cond. Matter., 2012, 24, 406002.
    2. A. McRobbie, A. R. Sarwar, S. Yeninas, H. Nowell, M. L. Baker, D. Allan, M. Luban, C. A. Muryn, R. G. Pritchard, R. Prozorov, G. A. Timco, F. Tuna, G. F. S. Whitehead and R. E. P. Winpenny, "Chromium chains as polydentate fluoride ligands for lanthanides," Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 6251-6253.
    3. C. Martin, L. P. Engelhardt, M. L. Baker, G. A. Timco, R. E. P. Winpenny, M. Luban and R. Prozorov, "Radio-frequency spectroscopy of the low-energy spectrum of the magnetic molecule Cr12Cu2," Phys. Rev. B., 2009, 80, 100407/1-100407/4.